| Legal basis | Declaration on entrusting work at the labour office | single permit for residence and work and national D visa (Asia, Africa) |
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| Lead time | 4 to 8 weeks | 1 to 3 weeks (Ukraine) or 4 to 6 months (Philippines, Kenya) |
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| Visa | National D visa – consular appointment required | Visa-free travel (Ukraine, Georgia) or a long consular procedure |
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| Language | Linguistic proximity – induction without an interpreter | Working English or a dedicated crew leader required |
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| Professional profile | Industry, metalworking, machinery, transport | Mass production and line work (South Asia) |
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